Sql Server数据库常用Transact-SQL脚本

小小码 • 2022-12-23 22:30 • 代码基础 • 阅读 145

大家好，我是考100分的小小码，祝大家学习进步，加薪顺利呀。今天说一说Sql Server数据库常用Transact-SQL脚本,希望您对编程的造诣更进一步.

数据库

1、创建数据库

USE master ;  
GO  
CREATE DATABASE Sales  
ON   
( NAME = Sales_dat,  
    FILENAME = "C:Program FilesMicrosoft SQL ServerMSSQL13.MSSQLSERVERMSSQLDATAsaledat.mdf",  
    SIZE = 10,  
    MAXSIZE = 50,  
    FILEGROWTH = 5 )  
LOG ON  
( NAME = Sales_log,  
    FILENAME = "C:Program FilesMicrosoft SQL ServerMSSQL13.MSSQLSERVERMSSQLDATAsalelog.ldf",  
    SIZE = 5MB,  
    MAXSIZE = 25MB,  
    FILEGROWTH = 5MB ) ;  
GO

代码100分

2、查看数据库

代码100分SELECT name, database_id, create_date  
FROM sys.databases ;

3、删除数据库

DROP DATABASE Sales;

表

1、创建表

代码100分CREATE TABLE PurchaseOrderDetail  
(  
    ID uniqueidentifier NOT NULL  
    ,LineNumber smallint NOT NULL  
    ,ProductID int NULL  
    ,UnitPrice money NULL  
    ,OrderQty smallint NULL  
    ,ReceivedQty float NULL  
    ,RejectedQty float NULL  
    ,DueDate datetime NULL  
);

2、删除表

DROP TABLE dbo.PurchaseOrderDetail;

3、重命名表

EXEC sp_rename "Sales.SalesTerritory", "SalesTerr";

列

1、添加列

ALTER TABLE dbo.doc_exa ADD column_b VARCHAR(20) NULL, column_c INT NULL ;

2、删除列

ALTER TABLE dbo.doc_exb DROP COLUMN column_b;

3、重命名列

EXEC sp_rename "Sales.SalesTerritory.TerritoryID", "TerrID", "COLUMN";

约束

1、主键

--在现有表中创建主键
ALTER TABLE Production.TransactionHistoryArchive
   ADD CONSTRAINT PK_TransactionHistoryArchive_TransactionID PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED (TransactionID);

--在新表中创建主键
CREATE TABLE Production.TransactionHistoryArchive1
   (
      TransactionID int IDENTITY (1,1) NOT NULL
      , CONSTRAINT PK_TransactionHistoryArchive_TransactionID PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED (TransactionID)
   )
;


--查看主键  
SELECT name  
FROM sys.key_constraints  
WHERE type = "PK" AND OBJECT_NAME(parent_object_id) = N"TransactionHistoryArchive";  
GO  

--删除主键
ALTER TABLE Production.TransactionHistoryArchive  
DROP CONSTRAINT PK_TransactionHistoryArchive_TransactionID;   
GO

视图

1、创建视图

CREATE VIEW V_EmployeeHireDate  
AS  
SELECT p.FirstName, p.LastName, e.HireDate  
FROM HumanResources.Employee AS e JOIN Person.Person AS  p  
ON e.BusinessEntityID = p.BusinessEntityID ;   
GO

2、删除视图

DROP VIEW V_EmployeeHireDate;

存储过程

1、创建存储过程

CREATE PROCEDURE P_UspGetEmployeesTest   
    @LastName nvarchar(50),   
    @FirstName nvarchar(50)   
AS   
    SELECT FirstName, LastName, Department  
    FROM HumanResources.vEmployeeDepartmentHistory  
    WHERE FirstName = @FirstName AND LastName = @LastName  
    AND EndDate IS NULL;  
GO

2、删除存储过程

DROP PROCEDURE P_UspGetEmployeesTest;

3、执行存储过程

EXEC P_UspGetEmployeesTest N"Ackerman", N"Pilar";  
-- Or  
EXEC P_UspGetEmployeesTest @LastName = N"Ackerman", @FirstName = N"Pilar";  
GO  
-- Or  
EXECUTE P_UspGetEmployeesTest @FirstName = N"Pilar", @LastName = N"Ackerman";  
GO

4、重命名存储过程

EXEC sp_rename "P_UspGetAllEmployeesTest", "P_UspEveryEmployeeTest2";

5、带有输出参数的存储过程

CREATE PROCEDURE P_UspGetEmployeeSalesYTD  
@SalesPerson nvarchar(50),  
@SalesYTD money OUTPUT  
AS    
    SELECT @SalesYTD = SalesYTD  
    FROM SalesPerson AS sp  
    JOIN vEmployee AS e ON e.BusinessEntityID = sp.BusinessEntityID  
    WHERE LastName = @SalesPerson;  
RETURN  
GO


--调用
DECLARE @SalesYTDBySalesPerson money;  
EXECUTE P_UspGetEmployeeSalesYTD  
    N"Blythe", 
    @SalesYTD = @SalesYTDBySalesPerson OUTPUT; 
GO